evolution and ethics and other essays-第49部分

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officer　in　charge；　the　funds　were　disbursed　in　the　towns　where　they
were　collected；　and　the　＇265＇　spirit　of　satisfaction　and　confidence
was　mutual　all　around〃　（pp。　4；　5）。

Such　was　the　army　as　the　green　tree。　Now　for　the　dry：

〃Those　who　have　been　daily　conversant　with　the　army's　machinery　are
well　aware　how　entirely　and　radically　the　whole　system　has　changed；
and　how；　from　a　band　of　devoted　and　disinterested　workers；　united　in
the　bonds　of　zeal　and　charity　for　the　good　of　their　fellows；　it　has
developed　into　a　colossal　and　aggressive　agency　for　the　building　up　of
a　system　and　a　sect；　bound　by　rules　and　regulations　altogether
subversive　of　religious　liberty　and　antagonistic　to　every　（other？）
branch　of　Christian　endeavour；　and　bound　hand　and　foot　to　the　will　of
one　supreme　head　and　ruler。。。。　As　the　work　has　spread　through　the
country；　and　as　the　area　of　its　endeavours　has　enlarged；　each　leading
position　has　been　filled；　one　after　the　other；　by　individuals　strangers
to　the　country；　totally　ignorant　of　the　sentiments　and　idiosyncrasies
of　the　Canadian　people；　trained　in　one　school　under　the　teachings　and
dominance　of　a　member　of　the　Booth　family；　and　out　of　whom　every　idea
has　been　crushed；　except　that　of　unquestioning　obedience　to　the
General；　and　the　absolute　necessity　of　going　forward　to　his　bidding
without　hesitation　or　question〃　（p。　6）。

＇266＇　〃What　is　the　result　of　all　this？　In　the　first　place；　whilst
material　prosperity　has　undoubtedly　been　attained；　spirituality　has
been　quenched；　and；　as　an　evangelical　agency；　the　army　has　become
almost　a　dead　letter。。。　　In　seventy…five　per　cent　of　its　stations　its
officers　suffer　need　and　privation；　chiefly　on　account　of　the　heavy
taxation　that　is　placed　upon　them　to　maintain　an　imposing　headquarters
and　a　large　ornamental　staff。　The　whole　financial　arrangements　are
carried　on　by　a　system　of　inflation　and　a　hand…to…mouth　extravagance
and　blindness　as　to　future　contingencies。　Nearly　all　of　its　original
workers　and　members　have　disappeared〃　（p。　7）。　〃In　reference　to　the
religious　bodies　at　large　the　army　has　become　entirely　antagonistic。
Soldiers　are　forbidden　by　its　rules　to　attend　other　places　of　worship
without　the　permission　of　their　officers。。。　　Officers　or　soldiers　who
may　conscientiously　leave　the　service　or　the　ranks　are　looked　upon　and
often　denounced　publicly　as　backsliders。。。　　Means　of　the　most
despicable　description　have　been　resorted　to　in　order　to　starve　them
back　to　the　service〃　（p。　8）。　〃In　its　inner　workings　the　army　system　is
identical　with　Jesuitism。。。　　That　'the　end　justifies　the　means；'　if
not　openly　taught；　is　as　tacitly　agreed　as　in　that　celebrated　order〃
（p。　9）。

Surely　a　bitter；　overcharged；　anonymous　libel；　is　the　reflection　which
will　occur　to　many　who　read　＇267＇　these　passages；　especially　the　last。
Well；　I　turn　to　other　evidence　which；　at　any　rate；　is　not　anonymous。
It　is　contained　in　a　pamphlet　entitled　〃General　Booth；　the　Family；　and
the　Salvation　Army；　showing　its　Rise；　Progress；　and　Moral　and
Spiritual　Decline；〃　by　S。　H。　　Hodges；　LL。B。；　late　Major　in　the　Army；
and　formerly　private　secretary　to　General　Booth　（Manchester；　1890）。　I
recommend　potential　contributors　to　Mr。　　Booth's　wealth　to　study　this
little　work　also。　I　have　learned　a　great　deal　from　it。　Among　other
interesting　novelties；　it　tells　me　that　Mr。　Booth　has　discovered　〃the
necessity　of　a　third　step　or　blessing；　in　the　work　of　Salvation。　He
said　to　me　one　day；　'Hodges；　you　have　only　two　barrels　to　your　gun；　I
have　three'〃　（p。　31）。　And　if　Mr。　Hodges's　description　of　this　third
barrel　is　correct〃giving　up　your　conscience〃　and；　〃for　God　and　the
army；　stooping　to　do　things　which　even　honourable　worldly　men　would
not　consent　to　do〃　（p。　32）it　is　surely　calculated　to　bring　down　a
good　many　things；　the　first　principles　of　morality　among　them。

Mr。　Hodges　gives　some　remarkable　examples　of　the　army　practice　with
the　〃General's〃　new　rifle。　But　I　must　refer　the　curious　to　his
instructive　pamphlet。　The　position　I　am　about　to　take　up　is　a　serious
one；　and　I　prefer　to　fortify　it　by　the　help　of　evidence　which；　though
some　of　it　may　be　anonymous；　cannot　be　sneered　away。　And　I　shall　＇268＇
be　believed；　when　I　say　that　nothing　but　a　sense　of　the　great　social
danger　of　the　spread　of　Boothism　could　induce　me　to　revive　a　scandal；
even　though　it　is　barely　entitled　to　the　benefit　of　the　Statute　of
Limitations。

On　the　7th　of　July；　1883；　you；　Sir；　did　the　public　a　great　service　by
writing　a　leading　article　on　the　notorious　〃Eagle〃　case；　from　which　I
take　the　following　extract：

〃Mr。　Justice　Kay　refused　the　application；　but　he　was　induced　to　refuse
it　by　means　which；　as　Mr。　Justice　Stephen　justly　remarked；　were　highly
discreditable　to　Mr。　Booth。　Mr。　Booth　filed　an　affidavit　which　appears
totally　to　have　misled　Mr。　Justice　Kay；　as　it　would　have　misled　any　one
who　regarded　it　as　a　frank　and　honest　statement　by　a　professed　teacher
of　religion。〃

When　I　addressed　my　first　letter　to　you　I　had　never　so　much　as　heard　of
the　〃Eagle〃　scandal。　But　I　am　thankful　that　my　perception　of　the
inevitable　tendency　of　all　religious　autocracies　towards　evil　was
clear　enough　to　bring　about　a　provisional　condemnation　of　Mr。　Booth's
schemes　in　my　mind。　　Supposing　that　I　had　decided　the　other　way；　with
what　sort　of　feeling　should　I　have　faced　my　friend；　when　I　had　to
confess　that　the　money　had　passed　into　the　absolute　control　of　a
person　about　the　character　of　whose　administration　this　＇269＇
concurrence　of　damnatory　evidence　was　already　extant？

I　have　nothing　to　say　about　Mr。　Booth　personally；　for　I　know　nothing。
On　that　subject；　as　on　several　others；　I　profess　myself　an　agnostic。
But；　if　he　is；　as　he　may　be；　a　saint　actuated　by　the　purest　of
motives；　he　is　not　the　first　saint　who；　as　you　have　said；　has　shown
himself　〃in　the　ardour　of　prosecuting　a　well…meant　object〃　to　be
capable　of　overlooking　〃the　plain　maxims　of　every…day　morality。〃　If　I
were　a　Salvationist　soldier；　I　should　cry　with　Othello；　〃Cassio；　I
love　thee；　but　never　more　be　officer　of　mine。〃

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　I　am；　Sir；　your　obedient　servant；
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　T。　H。　Huxley。



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　V

The　〃Times；〃　December　24th；　1890

Sir；If　I　have　any　strong　points；　finance　is　certainly　not　one　of
them。　But　the　financial；　or　rather　fiscal；　operations　of　the　General
of　the　Salvation　Army；　as　they　are　set　forth　and　exemplified　in　〃The
New　Papacy；〃　possess　that　grand　simplicity　which　is　the　mark　of
genius；　＇270＇　and　even　I　can　comprehend　themor；　to　be　more　modest；　I
can　portray　them　in　such　a　manner　that　every　lineament；　however　harsh；
and　every　shade；　however　dark；　can　be　verified　by　published　evidence。

Suppose　there　is　a　thriving；　expanding　colonial　town；　and　that；
scattered　among　its　artisans　and　labourers；　there　is　a　sprinkling　of
Methodists；　or　other　such　ultra…evangelical　good　people；　doing　their
best；　in　a　quiet　way；　to　〃save　souls。〃　Clearly；　this　is　an　outpost
which　it　is　desirable　to　capture。　〃We；〃　therefore；　take　measures　to
get　up　a　Salvation　〃boom〃　of　the　ordinary　pattern。　Enthusiasm　is
roused。　A　score　or　two　of　soldiers　are　enlisted　into　the