hesiod, the homeric hymns, and homerica-第11部分

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e　glad　of　heart　while　they　embrace　their　own　destruction。'

（ll。　60…68）　So　said　the　father　of　men　and　gods；　and　laughed　aloud。　　And　he　bade　famous　Hephaestus　make　haste　and　mix　earth　with　water　and　to　put　in　it　the　voice　and　strength　of　human　kind；　and　fashion　a　sweet；　lovely　maiden…shape；　like　to　the　immortal　goddesses　in　face；　and　Athene　to　teach　her　needlework　and　the　weaving　of　the　varied　web；　and　golden　Aphrodite　to　shed　grace　upon　her　head　and　cruel　longing　and　cares　that　weary　the　limbs。　　And　he　charged　Hermes　the　guide；　the　Slayer　of　Argus；　to　put　in　her　a　shameless　mind　and　a　deceitful　nature。

（ll。　69…82）　So　he　ordered。　　And　they　obeyed　the　lord　Zeus　the　son　of　Cronos。　　Forthwith　the　famous　Lame　God　moulded　clay　in　the　likeness　of　a　modest　maid；　as　the　son　of　Cronos　purposed。　　And　the　goddess　bright…eyed　Athene　girded　and　clothed　her；　and　the　divine　Graces　and　queenly　Persuasion　put　necklaces　of　gold　upon　her；　and　the　rich…haired　Hours　crowned　her　head　with　spring　flowers。　　And　Pallas　Athene　bedecked　her　form　with　all　manners　of　finery。　　Also　the　Guide；　the　Slayer　of　Argus；　contrived　within　her　lies　and　crafty　words　and　a　deceitful　nature　at　the　will　of　loud　thundering　Zeus；　and　the　Herald　of　the　gods　put　speech　in　her。　　And　he　called　this　woman　Pandora　（2）；　because　all　they　who　dwelt　on　Olympus　gave　each　a　gift；　a　plague　to　men　who　eat　bread。

（ll。　83…89）　But　when　he　had　finished　the　sheer；　hopeless　snare；　the　Father　sent　glorious　Argus…Slayer；　the　swift　messenger　of　the　gods；　to　take　it　to　Epimetheus　as　a　gift。　　And　Epimetheus　did　not　think　on　what　Prometheus　had　said　to　him；　bidding　him　never　take　a　gift　of　Olympian　Zeus；　but　to　send　it　back　for　fear　it　might　prove　to　be　something　harmful　to　men。　　But　he　took　the　gift；　and　afterwards；　when　the　evil　thing　was　already　his；　he　understood。

（ll。　90…105）　For　ere　this　the　tribes　of　men　lived　on　earth　remote　and　free　from　ills　and　hard　toil　and　heavy　sickness　which　bring　the　Fates　upon　men；　for　in　misery　men　grow　old　quickly。　　But　the　woman　took　off　the　great　lid　of　the　jar　（3）　with　her　hands　and　scattered　all　these　and　her　thought　caused　sorrow　and　mischief　to　men。　　Only　Hope　remained　there　in　an　unbreakable　home　within　under　the　rim　of　the　great　jar；　and　did　not　fly　out　at　the　door；　for　ere　that；　the　lid　of　the　jar　stopped　her；　by　the　will　of　Aegis…holding　Zeus　who　gathers　the　clouds。　　But　the　rest；　countless　plagues；　wander　amongst　men；　for　earth　is　full　of　evils　and　the　sea　is　full。　　Of　themselves　diseases　come　upon　men　continually　by　day　and　by　night；　bringing　mischief　to　mortals　silently；　for　wise　Zeus　took　away　speech　from　them。　　So　is　there　no　way　to　escape　the　will　of　Zeus。

（ll。　106…108）　Or　if　you　will；　I　will　sum　you　up　another　tale　well　and　skilfully　　and　do　you　lay　it　up　in　your　heart；　　how　the　gods　and　mortal　men　sprang　from　one　source。

（ll。　109…120）　First　of　all　the　deathless　gods　who　dwell　on　Olympus　made　a　golden　race　of　mortal　men　who　lived　in　the　time　of　Cronos　when　he　was　reigning　in　heaven。　　And　they　lived　like　gods　without　sorrow　of　heart；　remote　and　free　from　toil　and　grief：　miserable　age　rested　not　on　them；　but　with　legs　and　arms　never　failing　they　made　merry　with　feasting　beyond　the　reach　of　all　evils。　　When　they　died；　it　was　as　though　they　were　overcome　with　sleep；　and　they　had　all　good　things；　for　the　fruitful　earth　unforced　bare　them　fruit　abundantly　and　without　stint。　　They　dwelt　in　ease　and　peace　upon　their　lands　with　many　good　things；　rich　in　flocks　and　loved　by　the　blessed　gods。

（ll。　121…139）　But　after　earth　had　covered　this　generation　　they　are　called　pure　spirits　dwelling　on　the　earth；　and　are　kindly；　delivering　from　harm；　and　guardians　of　mortal　men；　for　they　roam　everywhere　over　the　earth；　clothed　in　mist　and　keep　watch　on　judgements　and　cruel　deeds；　givers　of　wealth；　for　this　royal　right　also　they　received；　　then　they　who　dwell　on　Olympus　made　a　second　generation　which　was　of　silver　and　less　noble　by　far。　　It　was　like　the　golden　race　neither　in　body　nor　in　spirit。　　A　child　was　brought　up　at　his　good　mother's　side　an　hundred　years；　an　utter　simpleton；　playing　childishly　in　his　own　home。　　But　when　they　were　full　grown　and　were　come　to　the　full　measure　of　their　prime；　they　lived　only　a　little　time　in　sorrow　because　of　their　foolishness；　for　they　could　not　keep　from　sinning　and　from　wronging　one　another；　nor　would　they　serve　the　immortals；　nor　sacrifice　on　the　holy　altars　of　the　blessed　ones　as　it　is　right　for　men　to　do　wherever　they　dwell。　　Then　Zeus　the　son　of　Cronos　was　angry　and　put　them　away；　because　they　would　not　give　honour　to　the　blessed　gods　who　live　on　Olympus。

（ll。　140…155）　But　when　earth　had　covered　this　generation　also　　they　are　called　blessed　spirits　of　the　underworld　by　men；　and；　though　they　are　of　second　order；　yet　honour　attends　them　also　　Zeus　the　Father　made　a　third　generation　of　mortal　men；　a　brazen　race；　sprung　from　ash…trees　（4）；　and　it　was　in　no　way　equal　to　the　silver　age；　but　was　terrible　and　strong。　　They　loved　the　lamentable　works　of　Ares　and　deeds　of　violence；　they　ate　no　bread；　but　were　hard　of　heart　like　adamant；　fearful　men。　　Great　was　their　strength　and　unconquerable　the　arms　which　grew　from　their　shoulders　on　their　strong　limbs。　　Their　armour　was　of　bronze；　and　their　houses　of　bronze；　and　of　bronze　were　their　implements：　there　was　no　black　iron。　　These　were　destroyed　by　their　own　hands　and　passed　to　the　dank　house　of　chill　Hades；　and　left　no　name：　terrible　though　they　were；　black　Death　seized　them；　and　they　left　the　bright　light　of　the　sun。

（ll。　156…169b）　But　when　earth　had　covered　this　generation　also；　Zeus　the　son　of　Cronos　made　yet　another；　the　fourth；　upon　the　fruitful　earth；　which　was　nobler　and　more　righteous；　a　god…like　race　of　hero…men　who　are　called　demi…gods；　the　race　before　our　own；　throughout　the　boundless　earth。　　Grim　war　and　dread　battle　destroyed　a　part　of　them；　some　in　the　land　of　Cadmus　at　seven…　gated　Thebe　when　they　fought　for　the　flocks　of　Oedipus；　and　some；　when　it　had　brought　them　in　ships　over　the　great　sea　gulf　to　Troy　for　rich…haired　Helen's　sake：　there　death's　end　enshrouded　a　part　of　them。　　But　to　the　others　father　Zeus　the　son　of　Cronos　gave　a　living　and　an　abode　apart　from　men；　and　made　them　dwell　at　the　ends　of　earth。　　And　they　live　untouched　by　sorrow　in　the　islands　of　the　blessed　along　the　shore　of　deep　swirling　Ocean；　happy　heroes　for　whom　the　grain…giving　earth　bears　honey…sweet　fruit　flourishing　thrice　a　year；　far　from　the　deathless　gods；　and　Cronos　rules　over　them　（5）；　for　the　father　of　men　and　gods　released　him　from　his　bonds。　　And　these　last　equally　have　honour　and　glory。

（ll。　169c…169d）　And　again　far…seeing　Zeus　made　yet　another　generation；　the　fifth；　of　men　who　are　upon　the　bounteous　earth。

（ll。　170…201）　Thereafter；　would　that　I　were　not　among　the　men　of　the　fifth　generation；　but　either　had　died　before　or　been　born　afterwards。　　For　now　truly　is　a　race　of　iron；　and　men　never　rest　from　labour　and　sorrow　by　day；　and　from　perishing　by　night；　and　the　gods　shall　lay　sore　trouble　upon　them。　　But；　notwithstanding；　even　these　shall　have　some　good　mingled　with　their　evils。　　And　Zeus　will　destroy　this　race　of　mortal　men　also　when　they　come　to　have　grey