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the essays of montaigne, v15-第2部分

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          '〃In a fragile body every shock is obnoxious。〃
          Cicero; De Senec。; c。  18。'

          〃Mensque pati durum sustinet aegra nihil。〃

     '〃And the infirm mind can bear no difficult exertion。〃
     Ovid; De Ponto。; i。  5; 18。'

I have ever been very susceptibly tender as to offences: I am much more
tender now; and open throughout。

               〃Et minimae vires frangere quassa valent。〃

     '〃And little force suffices to break what was cracked before。〃
     Ovid; De Tris。; iii。 11; 22。'

My judgment restrains me from kicking against and murmuring at the
inconveniences that nature orders me to endure; but it does not take away
my feeling them: I; who have no other thing in my aim but to live and be
merry; would run from one end of the world to the other to seek out one
good year of pleasant and jocund tranquillity。  A melancholic and dull
tranquillity may be enough for me; but it benumbs and stupefies me; I am
not contented with it。  If there be any person; any knot of good company
in country or city; in France or elsewhere; resident or in motion; who
can like my humour; and whose humours I can like; let them but whistle
and I will run and furnish them with essays in flesh and bone:

Seeing it is the privilege of the mind to rescue itself from old age; I
advise mine to it with all the power I have; let it meanwhile continue
green; and flourish if it can; like mistletoe upon a dead tree。  But I
fear 'tis a traitor; it has contracted so strict a fraternity with the
body that it leaves me at every turn; to follow that in its need。  I
wheedle and deal with it apart in vain; I try in vain to wean it from
this correspondence; to no effect; quote to it Seneca and Catullus; and
ladies and royal masques; if its companion have the stone; it seems to
have it too; even the faculties that are most peculiarly and properly its
own cannot then perform their functions; but manifestly appear stupefied
and asleep; there is no sprightliness in its productions; if there be not
at the same time an equal proportion in the body too。

Our masters are to blame; that in searching out the causes of the
extraordinary emotions of the soul; besides attributing it to a divine
ecstasy; love; martial fierceness; poesy; wine; they have not also
attributed a part to health: a boiling; vigorous; full; and lazy health;
such as formerly the verdure of youth and security; by fits; supplied me
withal; that fire of sprightliness and gaiety darts into the mind flashes
that are lively and bright beyond our natural light; and of all
enthusiasms the most jovial; if not the most extravagant。

It is; then; no wonder if a contrary state stupefy and clog my spirit;
and produce a contrary effect:

          〃Ad nullum consurgit opus; cum corpore languet;〃

     '〃When the mind is languishing; the body is good for nothing。〃
     (Or:) 〃It rises to no effort; it languishes with the body。〃
     Pseudo Gallus; i。 125。

and yet would have me obliged to it for giving; as it wants to make out;
much less consent to this stupidity than is the ordinary case with men of
my age。  Let us; at least; whilst we have truce; drive away incommodities
and difficulties from our commerce:

          〃Dum licet; obducta solvatur fronte senectus:〃

     '〃Whilst we can; let us banish old age from the brow。〃
     Herod。; Ep。; xiii。 7。'

               〃Tetrica sunt amcenanda jocularibus。〃

     '〃Sour things are to be sweetened with those that are pleasant。〃
     Sidonius Apollin。; Ep。; i。 9。'

I love a gay and civil wisdom; and fly from all sourness and austerity of
manners; all repellent; mien being suspected by me:

               〃Tristemque vultus tetrici arrogantiam:〃

          '〃The arrogant sadness of a crabbed face。〃Auctor Incert。'

               〃Et habet tristis quoque turba cinaedos。〃

          '〃And the dull crowd also has its voluptuaries。〃 (Or:)
          〃An austere countenance sometimes covers a debauched mind。〃
          Idem。'

I am very much of Plato's opinion; who says that facile or harsh humours
are great indications of the good or ill disposition of the mind。
Socrates had a constant countenance; but serene and smiling; not sourly
austere; like the elder Crassus; whom no one ever saw laugh。  Virtue is a
pleasant and gay quality。

I know very well that few will quarrel with the licence of my writings;
who have not more to quarrel with in the licence of their own thoughts:
I conform myself well enough to their inclinations; but I offend their
eyes。  'Tis a fine humour to strain the writings of Plato; to wrest his
pretended intercourses with Phaedo; Dion; Stella; and Archeanassa:

               〃Non pudeat dicere; quod non pudet sentire。〃

     '〃Let us not be ashamed to speak what we are not ashamed to think。〃'

I hate a froward and dismal spirit; that slips over all the pleasures of
life and seizes and feeds upon misfortunes; like flies; that cannot stick
to a smooth and polished body; but fix and repose themselves upon craggy
and rough places; and like cupping…glasses; that only suck and attract
bad blood。

As to the rest; I have enjoined myself to dare to say all that I dare to
do; even thoughts that are not to be published; displease me; the worst
of my actions and qualities do not appear to me so evil as I find it evil
and base not to dare to own them。  Every one is wary and discreet in
confession; but men ought to be so in action; the boldness of doing ill
is in some sort compensated and restrained by the boldness of confessing
it。  Whoever will oblige himself to tell all; should oblige himself to do
nothing that he must be forced to conceal。  I wish that this excessive
licence of mine may draw men to freedom; above these timorous and mincing
virtues sprung from our imperfections; and that at the expense of my
immoderation I may reduce them to reason。  A man must see and study his
vice to correct it; they who conceal it from others; commonly conceal it
from themselves; and do not think it close enough; if they themselves see
it: they withdraw and disguise it from their own consciences:

     〃Quare vitia sua nemo confitetur?  Quia etiam nunc in
     illia est; somnium narrare vigilantis est。〃

     '〃Why does no man confess his vices?  because he is yet in them;
     'tis for a waking man to tell his dream。〃Seneca; Ep。; 53。'

The diseases of the body explain themselves by their increase; we find
that to be the gout which we called a rheum or a strain; the diseases of
the soul; the greater they are; keep; themselves the most obscure;
the most sick are the least sensible; therefore it is that with an
unrelenting hand they most often; in full day; be taken to task; opened;
and torn from the hollow of the heart。  As in doing well; so in doing
ill; the mere confession is sometimes satisfaction。  Is there any
deformity in doing amiss; that can excuse us from confessing ourselves?
It is so great a pain to me to dissemble; that I evade the trust of
another's secrets; wanting the courage to disavow my knowledge。  I can
keep silent; but deny I cannot without the greatest trouble and violence
to myself imaginable to be very se
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