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glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及31何蛍
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glimpses of the water´world as our present appliances afford us are full
enough of pleasure�察�and we will not envy Glaucus�此 �we will not even be
over´anxious for the success of his only modern imitator�察 �the French
naturalist who is reported to have fitted himself with a waterproof dress
and breathing apparatus�察 �in order to walk the bottom of the
Mediterranean�察�and see for himself how the world goes on at the fifty´
fathom line�此 �we will be content with the wonders of the shore and of
the sea´floor�察 �as far as the dredge will discover them to us。 We shall
even thus find enough to occupy ��if we choose�� our lifetime。 For we
must recollect that this hasty sketch has hardly touched on that vegetable
water´world�察 �which is as wonderful and as various as the animal one。
A hint or two of the beauty of the sea´ weeds has been given�察�but space has
allowed no more。 Yet we might have spent our time with almost as
much interest and profit�察�had we neglected utterly the animals which we
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have found�察 �and devoted our attention exclusively to the flora of the
rocks。 Sea´weeds are no mere playthings for children�察�and to buy at a
shop some thirty pretty kinds�察 �pasted on paper�察 �with long names
��probably mis´spelt�� written under each�察�is not by any means to possess a
collection of them。 Putting aside the number and the obscurity of their
species�察 �the questions which arise in studying their growth�察�reproduction�察�
and organic chemistry are of the very deepest and most important in the
whole range of science�察�and it will need but a little study of such a book
as Harvey's ;Algae�察─ �to show the wise man that he who has
comprehended ��which no man yet does�� the mystery of a single spore or
tissue´cell�察�has reached depths in the great ;Science of Life; at which an
Owen would still confess himself ;blind by excess of light。; ;Knowest
thou how the bones grow in the womb�拭─ �asks the Jewish sage�察 �sadly�察�
half self´reprovingly�察�as he discovers that man is not the measure of all
things�察�and that in much learning may be vanity and vexation of spirit�察�
and in much study a weariness of the flesh�察�and all our deeper physical
science only brings the same question more awfully near。 ;Vilior
alg*�察─ �more worthless than the very sea´weed�察 �says the old Roman�此�
and yet no torn scrap of that very sea´weed�察 �which to´morrow may
manure the nearest garden�察�but says to us�察 �Proud man� �talking of spores
and vesicles�察 �if thou darest for a moment to fancy that to have seen
spores and vesicles is to have seen me�察�or to know what I am�察 �answer
this。 Knowest thou how the bones do grow in the womb�拭 �Knowest
thou even how one of these tiny black dots�察�which thou callest spores�察�
grow on my fronds�拭─ �And to that question what answer shall we make�拭�
We see tissues divide�察 �cells develop�察 �processes go on ´ but How and
Why�拭 �These are but phenomena�察�but what are phenomena save effects�拭�
Causes�察�it may be�察�of other effects�察�but still effects of other causes。 And
why does the cause cause that effect�拭 �Why should it not cause
something else�拭 �Why should it cause anything at all�拭 �Because it
obeys a law。 But why does it obey the law�拭�and how does it obey the
law�拭 �And�察�after all�察�what is a law�拭 �A mere custom of Nature。 We
see the same phenomenon happen a great many times�察�and we infer from
thence that it has a custom of happening�察�and therefore we call it a law�此�
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but we have not seen the law�察�all we have seen is the phenomenon which
we suppose to indicate the law。 We have seen things fall�此 �but we
never saw a little flying thing pulling them down�察 �with ;gravitation;
labelled on its back�察�and the question�察�why things fall�察�and HOW�察�is just
where it was before Newton was born�察 �and is likely to remain there。
All we can say is�察 �that Nature has her customs�察�and that other customs
ensue�察�when those customs appear�此 �but that as to what connects cause
and effect�察 �as to what is the reason�察 �the final cause�察 �or even the
CAUSA CAUSANS�察�of any phenomenon�察�we know not more but less than
ever�察 �for those laws or customs which seem to us simplest
�─�endosmose�察─ �for instance�察 �or ;gravitation;���察 �are just the most
inexplicable�察 �logically unexpected�察 �seemingly arbitrary�察 �certainly
supernatural ´ miraculous�察�if you will�察�for no natural and physical cause
whatsoever can be assigned for them�察�while if anyone shall argue against
their being miraculous and supernatural on the ground of their being so
common�察�I can only answer�察�that of all absurd and illogical arguments�察�
this is the most so。 For what has the number of times which the
miracle occurs to do with the question�察 �save to increase the wonder�拭�
Which is more strange�察 �that an inexplicable and unfathomable thing
should occur once and for all�察 �or that it should occur a million times
every day all the world over�拭�
Let those�察�however�察�who are too proud to wonder�察�do as seems good
to them。 Their want of wonder will not help them toward the required
explanation�此 �and to them�察 �as to us�察 �as soon as we begin asking�察�
;HOW�拭─ �and ;WHY�拭─ �the mighty Mother will only reply with that
magnificent smile of hers�察 �most genial�察 �but most silent�察 �which she has
worn since the foundation of all worlds�察 �that silent smile which has
tempted many a man to suspect her of irony�察�even of decei
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