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glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及38何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



purify   the   water   by   exhaling   oxygen   gas�察  �has   yet   been   verified。        The 

infusorial animalcules do so�察�reversing the functions of animal                      life�察�and 



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instead of evolving carbonic acid gas�察�as other animals                 do�察�evolve pure 

oxygen。      So�察  �at   least�察  �says   Liebig�察  �who   states   that he   found   a   small 

piece of matchwood�察�just extinguished�察�burst out                 again into a flame on 

being immersed in the bubbles given out by               these living atomies。 

     I   myself    should    be  inclined    to  doubt    that   this  is  the  case   with 

zoophytes�察�having found water in which they were growing ��unless�察                       �of 

course�察�sea´weeds were present�� to be peculiarly ready to become                      foul�察�

but it is difficult to say whether this is owing to their            deoxygenating the 

water while alive�察�like other animals�察�or to the             fact that it is very rare to 

get a specimen of zoophyte in which a              large number of the polypes have 

not been killed in the transit        home�察�or at least so far knocked about�察�that 

��in the Anthozoa�察      �which are far the most abundant�� the polype ´ or rather 

living    mouth�察�for it   is little more   ´ is   thrown off to   decay�察�pending   the 

growth of a fresh one in the same cell。 

     But    all  the  sea´weeds�察    �in  common      with   other   vegetables�察   �perform 

this   function    continually�察  �and    thus  maintain    the   water   in  which     they 

grow in a state fit to support animal life。 

     This   fact   ´   first   advanced   by   Priestley   and   Ingenhousz�察  �and   though 

doubted      by    the   great   Ellis�察  �satisfactorily    ascertained     by   Professor 

Daubeny�察�Mr。 Ward�察�Dr。 Johnston�察�and Mr。 Warrington ´ gives an                     answer 

to the question�察�which I hope has ere now arisen in the               minds of some of 

my readers�察 � 

     How   is   it   possible   to   see   these   wonders   at   home�拭  �Beautiful   and 

instructive as they may be�察�can they be meant for any but dwellers                  by the 

sea´side�拭    �Nay more�察�even to them�察  �must not the glories of                the water´ 

world be always more momentary than those of the rainbow�察                   �a mere Fata 

Morgana which breaks up and vanishes before the eyes�拭                      �If there were 

but some method of making a miniature sea´world for a                   few days�察�much 

more of keeping one with us when far inland。 ´ 

     This   desideratum   has   at   last   been   filled   up�察  �and   science   has   shown�察�

as usual�察�that by simply obeying Nature�察�we may conquer her�察�even                        so 

far as to have our miniature sea�察�of artificial salt´water�察           �filled with living 

plants and sea´weeds�察�maintaining each other in               perfect health�察�and each 

following�察�as far as is possible in a         confined space�察�its natural habits。 



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     To   Dr。   Johnston   is   due�察  �as   far   as   is   known�察  �the   honour   of   the   first 

accomplishment of this as of a hundred other zoological triumphs。                           As 

early as 1842�察�he proved to himself the vegetable nature of the                      common 

pink   Coralline�察  �which   fringes   every   rock´pool�察  �by   keeping   it        for   eight 

weeks in unchanged salt´water�察�without any putrefaction                      ensuing。      The 

ground�察�of course�察�on which the proof rested in this                  case was�察�that if the 

coralline were�察�as had often been thought�察�a                 zoophyte�察�the water would 

become   corrupt�察  �and   poisonous   to   the   life      of   the   small   animals   in   the 

same   jar�察  �and   that   its   remaining   fresh   argued   that   the   coralline   had   re´ 

oxygenated it from time to time�察           �and was therefore a vegetable。 

     In    1850�察   �Mr。   Robert     Warrington      communicated         to   the  Chemical 

Society      the   results   of   a   year's   experiments�察   �On   the Adjustment   of   the 

Relations   between   the   Animal   and   Vegetable   Kingdoms�察  �by   which   the 

Vital   Functions   of   both   are   permanently   maintained。;           The   law   which 

his   experiments   verified   was   the   same   as   that   on   which   Mr。   Ward�察  �in 

1842�察�founded his invaluable proposal for increasing the purity of                      the air 

in large towns�察�by planting trees and cultivating flowers                  in rooms�察�THAT 

THE        ANIMAL          AND        VEGETABLE             RESPIRATIONS              MIGHT 

COUNTERBALANCE EACH OTHER�察�the animal's blood being purified 

by the     oxygen given off by the plants�察�the plants fed by the carbonic acid 

breathed out by the animals。 

     On   the   same   principle�察  �Mr。   Warrington   first   kept�察  �for   many   months�察�

in   a   vase   of   unchanged       water�察  �two    small    gold   fish   and   a   plant   of 

Vallisneria spiralis�察�and two years afterwards began a similar                   experiment 

with sea´water�察�weeds�察�and anemones�察�which were�察�at                      last�察�as successful 

as   the   former   ones。    Mr。   Gosse   had�察  �in   the   meanwhile�察  �with   tolerable 

success   begun   a   similar   method�察  �unaware         of   what   Mr。  Warrington   had 

done�察  �and   now   the   beautiful   and   curious        exhibition   of   fresh   and   salt 

water tanks in the Zoological Gardens                in London�察�bids fair to be copied 

in   every    similar    institution�察   �and    we     hope    in  many     private    houses�察�

throughout the kingdom。 

     To    this  subject    Mr。   Gosse's     book�察   �The    Aquarium�察─      �is  principally 

devoted�察  �though   it   contains�察  �besides�察  �sketches   of   coast   scenery�察  �in       his 

usual charming style�察�and descriptions of rare sea´animals�察                  �with wise and 



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goodly reflections thereon。          One great object of         interest in the book is 

the last chapter�察�which treats fully of the          making and stocking these salt´ 

water ;Aquaria�察─�and the various             beautifully coloured plates�察�which are�察�

as it were�察�sketches from         the interior of tanks�察�are well fitted to excite the 

desire    of  all   readers    to  possess    such    gorgeous     living  pictures�察   �if  as 

nothing      else�察  �still  as  drawing´room   ornaments�察        �flower´gardens      which 

never     
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