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an account of egypt(娃式芝)-及9何蛍
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��
themselves who are offering sacrifice or the land of Egypt in general�察 �it
may come rather upon this head。 Now as regards the heads of the beasts
which are sacrificed and the pouring over them of the wine�察 �all the
Egyptians have the same customs equally for all their sacrifices�察 �and by
reason of this custom none of the Egyptians eat of the head either of this
or of any other kind of animal�此 �but the manner of disembowelling the
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victims and of burning them is appointed among them differently for
different sacrifices�察�I shall speak however of the sacrifices to that goddess
whom they regard as the greatest of all�察�and to whom they celebrate the
greatest feast。When they have flayed the bullock and made imprecation�察�
they take out the whole of its lower entrails but leave in the body the upper
entrails and the fat�察�and they sever from it the legs and the end of the loin
and the shoulders and the neck�此�and this done�察�they fill the rest of the body
of the animal with consecrated loaves and honey and raisins and figs and
frankincense and myrrh and every other kind of spices�察�and having filled it
with these they offer it�察�pouring over it great abundance of oil。 They make
their sacrifice after fasting�察�and while the offerings are being burnt�察�they
all beat themselves for mourning�察 �and when they have finished beating
themselves they set forth as a feast that which they left unburnt of the
sacrifice。 The clean males then of the ox kind�察 �both full´grown animals
and calves�察�are sacrificed by all the Egyptians�察�the females however they
may not sacrifice�察�but these are sacred to Isis�察�for the figure of Isis is in the
form of a woman with cow's horns�察 �just as the Hellenes present Io in
pictures�察�and all the Egyptians without distinction reverence cows far more
than any other kind of cattle�察�for which reason neither man nor woman of
the Egyptian race would kiss a man who is a Hellene on the mouth�察�nor
will they use a knife or roasting´spits or a caldron belonging to a Hellene�察�
nor taste the flesh even of a clean animal if it has been cut with the knife
of a Hellene。 And the cattle of this kind which die they bury in the
following manner��the females they cast into the river�察�but the males they
bury�察�each people in the suburb of their town�察�with one of the horns�察 �or
sometimes both�察�protruding to mark the place�察�and when the bodies have
rotted away and the appointed time comes on�察�then to each city comes a
boat from that which is called the island of Prosopitis ��this is in the Delta�察�
and the extent of its circuit is nine /schoines/��。 In this island of Prosopitis
is situated�察�besides many other cities�察�that one from which the boats come
to take up the bones of the oxen�察�and the name of the city is Atarbechis�察�
and in it there is set up a holy temple of Aphrodite。 From this city many go
abroad in various directions�察�some to one city and others to another�察�and
when they have dug up the bones of the oxen they carry them off�察 �and
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coming together they bury them in one single place。 In the same manner as
they bury the oxen they bury also their other cattle when they die�察 �for
about them also they have the same law laid down�察 �and these also they
abstain from killing。
Now all who have a temple set up to the Theban Zeus or who are of
the district of Thebes�察 �these�察 �I say�察 �all sacrifice goats and abstain from
sheep�此�for not all the Egyptians equally reverence the same gods�察�except
only Isis and Osiris ��who they say is Dionysos���察�these they all reverence
alike�此�but they who have a temple of Mendes or belong to the Mendesian
district�察 �these abstain from goats and sacrifice sheep。 Now the men of
Thebes and those who after their example abstain from sheep�察�say that this
custom was established among them for the cause which follows�此�
Heracles ��they say�� had an earnest desire to see Zeus�察 �and Zeus did not
desire to be seen of him�察�and at last when Heracles was urgent in entreaty
Zeus contrived this device�察�that is to say�察�he flayed a ram and held in front
of him the head of the ram which he had cut off�察�and he put on over him
the fleece and then showed himself to him。 Hence the Egyptians make the
image of Zeus with the face of a ram�察�and the Ammonians do so also after
their example�察 �being settlers both from the Egyptians and from the
Ethiopians�察�and using a language which is a medley of both tongues�此�and
in my opinion it is from this god that the Egyptians call Zeus /Amun/。 The
Thebans then do not sacrifice rams but hold them sacred for this reason�察�
on one day however in the year�察�on the feast of Zeus�察�they cut up in the
same manner and flay one single ram and cover with its skin the image of
Zeus�察�and then they bring up to it another image of Heracles。 This done�察�
all who are in the temple beat themselves in lamentation for the ram�察�and
then they bury it in a sacred tomb。
About Heracles I heard the account given that he was of the number of
the twelve gods�察�but of the other Heracles whom the Hellenes know I was
not able to hear in any part of Egypt�此 �and moreover to prove that the
Egyptians did not take the name of Heracles from the Hellenes�察�but rather
the Hellenes from the Egyptians��that is to say those of the Hellenes who
gave the name Heracles to the son of Amphitryon��of that�察�I say�察�besides
many other evidences there is chiefly this�察�namely that the parents of this
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Heracles�察�Amphitryon and Alcmene�察�were both of Egypt by descent�察�and
also that the Egyptians say that they do not know the names either of
Poseidon or of the Dioscuroi�察 �nor have these been accepted by them as
gods among the other gods�察 �whereas if they had received from the
Hellenes the name of any divinity�察�they would naturally have preserved the
memory of these most of all�察�assuming that in those times as now some of
the Hellenes were wont to make voyages and were seafaring folk�察 �as I
suppose and as my judgment compels me to think�察�so that the Egyptians
would have learnt the names of these gods even more than that of Heracles。
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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