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an account of egypt(娃式芝)-及9何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��




themselves who are   offering sacrifice   or the land of Egypt in general�察 �it 

may come rather upon this head。 Now as regards the heads of the beasts 

which      are  sacrificed     and   the   pouring     over   them    of   the  wine�察   �all  the 

Egyptians have   the same   customs equally  for all   their sacrifices�察  �and by 

reason of this custom none of the Egyptians eat of the head either of this 

or   of   any   other   kind   of   animal�此  �but   the   manner   of   disembowelling   the 



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victims   and   of   burning   them   is   appointed   among   them   differently   for 

different sacrifices�察�I shall speak however of the sacrifices to that goddess 

whom they regard as the greatest of all�察�and to whom they celebrate the 

greatest feast。When they have flayed the bullock and made imprecation�察�

they take out the whole of its lower entrails but leave in the body the upper 

entrails and the fat�察�and they sever from it the legs and the end of the loin 

and the shoulders and the neck�此�and this done�察�they fill the rest of the body 

of the animal with consecrated loaves and honey and raisins and figs and 

frankincense and myrrh and every other kind of spices�察�and having filled it 

with these they offer it�察�pouring over it great abundance of oil。 They make 

their sacrifice after fasting�察�and while the offerings are being burnt�察�they 

all   beat   themselves   for   mourning�察  �and   when   they   have   finished   beating 

themselves   they   set   forth   as   a   feast   that   which   they   left   unburnt   of   the 

sacrifice。   The   clean   males   then   of   the   ox   kind�察  �both   full´grown   animals 

and calves�察�are sacrificed by all the Egyptians�察�the females however they 

may not sacrifice�察�but these are sacred to Isis�察�for the figure of Isis is in the 

form   of   a   woman   with   cow's   horns�察  �just   as   the   Hellenes   present   Io   in 

pictures�察�and all the Egyptians without distinction reverence cows far more 

than any other kind of cattle�察�for which reason neither man nor woman of 

the Egyptian race would kiss a man who is a Hellene on the mouth�察�nor 

will they use a knife or roasting´spits or a caldron belonging to a Hellene�察�

nor taste the flesh even of a clean animal if it has been cut with the knife 

of   a   Hellene。   And    the   cattle   of   this   kind  which   die   they   bury   in  the 

following manner��the females they cast into the river�察�but the males they 

bury�察�each   people in the   suburb of   their   town�察�with one   of the   horns�察  �or 

sometimes both�察�protruding to mark the place�察�and when the bodies have 

rotted away and the appointed time comes on�察�then to each city comes a 

boat from that which is called the island of Prosopitis ��this is in the Delta�察�

and the extent of its circuit is nine /schoines/��。 In this island of Prosopitis 

is situated�察�besides many other cities�察�that one from which the boats come 

to take up the bones of the oxen�察�and the name of the city is Atarbechis�察�

and in it there is set up a holy temple of Aphrodite。 From this city many go 

abroad in various directions�察�some to one city and others to another�察�and 

when   they   have   dug   up   the   bones   of   the   oxen   they   carry   them   off�察  �and 



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coming together they bury them in one single place。 In the same manner as 

they   bury   the   oxen   they   bury   also   their   other   cattle   when   they   die�察  �for 

about   them  also   they  have   the   same   law   laid   down�察  �and   these   also   they 

abstain from killing。 

     Now all who have a temple set up to the Theban Zeus or who are of 

the   district   of   Thebes�察  �these�察  �I   say�察  �all   sacrifice   goats   and   abstain   from 

sheep�此�for not all the Egyptians equally reverence the same gods�察�except 

only Isis and Osiris ��who they say is Dionysos���察�these they all reverence 

alike�此�but they who have a temple of Mendes or belong to the Mendesian 

district�察  �these   abstain   from   goats   and   sacrifice   sheep。   Now   the   men   of 

Thebes and those who after their example abstain from sheep�察�say that this 

custom      was    established    among     them    for   the   cause   which     follows�此�

Heracles   ��they  say��   had   an   earnest   desire   to see   Zeus�察 �and   Zeus did   not 

desire to be seen of him�察�and at last when Heracles was urgent in entreaty 

Zeus contrived this device�察�that is to say�察�he flayed a ram and held in front 

of him the head of the ram which he had cut off�察�and he put on over him 

the fleece and then showed himself to him。 Hence the Egyptians make the 

image of Zeus with the face of a ram�察�and the Ammonians do so also after 

their    example�察    �being   settlers   both   from    the   Egyptians     and   from    the 

Ethiopians�察�and using a language which is a medley of both tongues�此�and 

in my opinion it is from this god that the Egyptians call Zeus /Amun/。 The 

Thebans then do not sacrifice rams but hold them sacred for this reason�察�

on one day however in the year�察�on the feast of Zeus�察�they cut up in the 

same manner and flay one single ram and cover with its skin the image of 

Zeus�察�and then they bring up to it another image of Heracles。 This done�察�

all who are in the temple beat themselves in lamentation for the ram�察�and 

then they bury it in a sacred tomb。 

     About Heracles I heard the account given that he was of the number of 

the twelve gods�察�but of the other Heracles whom the Hellenes know I was 

not   able   to   hear   in   any   part   of   Egypt�此  �and   moreover   to   prove   that   the 

Egyptians did not take the name of Heracles from the Hellenes�察�but rather 

the Hellenes from the Egyptians��that is to say those of the Hellenes who 

gave the name Heracles to the son of Amphitryon��of that�察�I say�察�besides 

many other evidences there is chiefly this�察�namely that the parents of this 



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Heracles�察�Amphitryon and Alcmene�察�were both of Egypt by descent�察�and 

also   that   the   Egyptians   say   that   they   do   not   know   the   names   either   of 

Poseidon   or   of   the   Dioscuroi�察  �nor   have   these   been   accepted   by   them   as 

gods     among     the   other   gods�察  �whereas     if  they   had   received     from    the 

Hellenes the name of any divinity�察�they would naturally have preserved the 

memory of these most of all�察�assuming that in those times as now some of 

the   Hellenes   were   wont   to   make   voyages   and   were   seafaring   folk�察  �as   I 

suppose and as my judgment compels me to think�察�so that the Egyptians 

would have learnt the names of these gods even more than that of Heracles。 
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��1�� 家��2��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��