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emile zola-第4部分
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To me his literary history is very pathetic。 He was bred if not
born in the worship of the romantic; but his native faith was not
proof against his reason; as again his reason was not proof
against his native faith。 He preached a crusade against
romanticism; and fought a long fight with it; only to realize at
last that he was himself too romanticistic to succeed against it;
and heroically to own his defeat。 The hosts of romanticism
swarmed back over him and his followers; and prevailed; as we see
them still prevailing。 It was the error of the realists whom
Zola led; to suppose that people like truth in fiction better
than falsehood; they do not; they like falsehood best; and if
Zola had not been at heart a romanticist; he never would have
cherished his long delusion; he never could have deceived with
his vain hopes those whom he persuaded to be realistic; as he
himself did not succeed in being。
He wished to be a sort of historiographer writing the annals of a
family; and painting a period; but he was a poet; doing far more
than this; and contributing to creative literature as great works
of fiction as have been written in the epic form。 He was a
paradox on every side but one; and that was the human side; which
he would himself have held far worthier than the literary side。
On the human side; the civic side; he was what he wished to be;
and not what any perversity of his elements made him。 He heard
one of those calls to supreme duty; which from time to time
select one man and not another for the response which they
require; and he rose to that duty with a grandeur which had all
the simplicity possible to a man of French civilization。 We may
think that there was something a little too dramatic in the
manner of his heroism; his martyry; and we may smile at certain
turns of rhetoric in the immortal letter accusing the French
nation of intolerable wrong; just as; in our smug Anglo…Saxon
conceit; we laughed at the procedure of the emotional courts
which he compelled to take cognizance of the immense misdeed
other courts had as emotionally committed。 But the event;
however indirectly and involuntarily; was justice which no other
people in Europe would have done; and perhaps not any people of
this more enlightened continent。
The success of Zola as a literary man has its imperfections; its
phases of defeat; but his success as a humanist is without flaw。
He triumphed as wholly and as finally as it has ever been given a
man to triumph; and he made France triumph with him。 By his
hand; she added to the laurels she had won in the war of American
Independence; in the wars of the Revolution for liberty and
equality; in the campaigns for Italian Unity; the imperishable
leaf of a national acknowledgement of national error。
End
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