the works of edgar allan poe-5-第44部分

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amidst　the　serious　and　impressive；　as　was　doubtless　intended　by　the
author…appears　to　us　one　of　the　most　felicitous　specimens　of　unique
rhyming　which　has　for　some　time　met　our　eye。　The　resources　of　English
rhythm　for　varieties　of　melody；　measure；　and　sound；　producing
corresponding　diversities　of　effect；　having　been　thoroughly　studied；　much
more　perceived；　by　very　few　poets　in　the　language。　While　the　classic
tongues；　especially　the　Greek；　possess；　by　power　of　accent；　several
advantages　for　versification　over　our　own；　chiefly　through　greater
abundance　of　spondaic：　feet；　we　have　other　and　very　great　advantages　of
sound　by　the　modern　usage　of　rhyme。　Alliteration　is　nearly　the　only　effect
of　that　kind　which　the　ancients　had　in　common　with　us。　It　will　be　seen
that　much　of　the　melody　of　'The　Raven'　arises　from　alliteration；　and　the
studious　use　of　similar　sounds　in　unusual　places。　In　regard　to　its
measure；　it　may　be　noted　that　if　all　the　verses　were　like　the　second；　they
might　properly　be　placed　merely　in　short　lines；　producing　a　not　uncommon
form；　but　the　presence　in　all　the　others　of　one　line…mostly　the　second　in
the　verse〃　（stanza？）　〃which　flows　continuously；　with　only　an　aspirate
pause　in　the　middle；　like　that　before　the　short　line　in　the　Sapphic
Adonic；　while　the　fifth　has　at　the　middle　pause　no　similarity　of　sound
with　any　part　besides；　gives　the　versification　an　entirely　different
effect。　We　could　wish　the　capacities　of　our　noble　language　in　prosody　were
better　understood。〃　ED。　〃Am。　Rev。〃

2。　The　bibliographical　history　of　〃The　Bells〃　is　curious。　The　subject；　and
some　lines　of　the　original　version；　having　been　suggested　by　the　poet's
friend；　Mrs。　Shew；　Poe；　when　he　wrote　out　the　first　draft　of　the　poem；
headed　it；　〃The　Bells；　By　Mrs。　M。　A。　Shew。〃　This　draft；　now　the　editor's
property；　consists　of　only　seventeen　lines；　and　read　thus：

I。

The　bells！…ah；　the　bells！
The　little　silver　bells！
How　fairy…like　a　melody　there　floats
From　their　throats
From　their　merry　little　throats
From　the　silver；　tinkling　throats
Of　the　bells；　bells；　bells
Of　the　bells！

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　II。

The　bells！…ah；　the　bells　！

The　heavy　iron　bells！
How　horrible　a　monody　there　floats
From　their　throats
From　their　deep…toned　throats
From　their　melancholy　throats！
How　I　shudder　at　the　notes　Of　the　bells；　bells；　bells
Of　the　bells　！

In　the　autumn　of　1848　Poe　added　another　line　to　this　poem；　and　sent　it　to
the　editor　of　the　〃Union　Magazine。〃　It　was　not　published。　So；　in　the
following　February；　the　poet　forwarded　to　the　same　periodical　a　much
enlarged　and　altered　transcript。　Three　months　having　elapsed　without
publication；　another　revision　of　the　poem；　similar　to　the　current　version；
was　sent；　and　in　the　following　October　was　published　in　the　〃Union
Magazine。〃

3。　This　poem　was　first　published　in　Colton's　〃American　Review〃　for
December；　1847；　as　〃To　…　Ulalume：　a　Ballad。〃　Being　reprinted　immediately
in　the　〃Home　Journal；〃　it　was　copied　into　various　publications　with　the
name　of　the　editor；　N。　P。　Willis；　appended；　and　was　ascribed　to　him。　When
first　published；　it　contained　the　following　additional　stanza　which　Poe
subsequently；　at　the　suggestion　of　Mrs。　Whitman；　wisely　suppressed：

Said　we　then…we　two；　tben…〃Ah；　can　it
Have　been　that　the　woodlandish　ghouls
The　pitiful；　the　merciful　ghouls
To　bar　up　our　path　and　to　ban　it
From　the　secret　that　lies　in　these　wolds
Had　drawn　up　the　spectre　of　a　planet
From　the　limbo　of　lunary　souls
This　sinfully　scintillant　planet
From　the　Hell　of　the　planetary　souls？〃

4。　〃To　Helen！'　（Mrs。　S。　Helen　Whitman）　was　not　published　until　November；
1848；　although　written　several　months　earlier。　It　first　appeared　in　the
〃Union　Magazine；〃　and　with　the　omission；　contrary　to　the　knowledge　or
desire　of　Poe；　of　the　line；　〃Oh；　Godl　oh；　Heaven…how　my　heart　beats　in
coupling　those　two　words。〃

5。　〃Annabel　Lee〃　was　written　early　in　1849；　and　is　evidently　an　expression
of　the　poet's　undying　love　for　his　deceased　bride；　although　at　least　one
of　his　lady　admirers　deemed　it　a　response　to　her　admiration。　Poe　sent　a
copy　of　the　ballad　to　the　〃Union　Magazine；〃　in　which　publication　it
appeared　in　January；　1850；　three　months　after　the　author's　death。　While
suffering　from　〃hope　deferred〃　as　to　its　fate；　Poe　presented　a　copy　of
〃Annabel　Lee〃　to　the　editor　of　the　〃Southern　Literary　Messenger；〃　who
published　it　in　the　November　number　of　his　periodical；　a　month　after　Poe's
death。　In　the　meantime　the　poet's　own　copy；　left　among　his　papers；　passed
into　the　hands　of　the　person　engaged　to　edit　his　works；　and　he　quoted　the
poem　in　an　obituary　of　Poe；　in　the　New　York　〃Tribune；〃　before　any　one　else
had　an　opportunity　of　publishing　it。

6。　〃A　Valentine；〃　one　of　three　poems　addressed　to　Mrs。　Osgood；　appears　to
have　been　written　early　in　1846。

7。　〃An　Enigma；〃　addressed　to　Mrs。　Sarah　Anna　Lewis　（〃Stella〃）；　was　sent　to
that　lady　in　a　letter；　in　November；　1847；　and　the　following　March　appeared
in　Sartain's　〃Union　Magazine。〃

8。　The　sonnet；　〃To　My　Mother〃　（Maria　Clemm）；　was　sent　for　publication　to
the　short…lived　〃Flag　of　our　Union；〃　early　in　1849；'　but　does　not　appear
to　have　been　issued　until　after　its　author's　death；　when　it　appeared　in
the　〃Leaflets　of　Memory〃　for　1850。

9。　〃For　Annie〃　was　first　published　in　the　〃Flag　of　our　Union；〃　in　the
spring　of　1849。　Poe；　annoyed　at　some　misprints　in　this　issue；　shortly
afterwards　caused　a　corrected　copy　to　be　inserted　in　the　〃Home　Journal。〃

10。　〃To　F　〃　（Frances　Sargeant　Osgood）　appeared　in　the　〃Broadway
journal〃　for　April；　1845。　These　lines　are　but　slightly　varied　from　those
inscribed　〃To　Mary；〃　in　the　〃Southern　Literary　Messenger〃　for　July；　1835；
and　subsequently　republished；　with　the　two　stanzas　transposed；　in
〃Graham's　Magazine〃　for　March；　1842；　as　〃To　One　Departed。〃

11。　〃To　F　s　S。　Od；〃　a　portion　of　the　poet's　triune　tribute　to　Mrs。
Osgood；　was　published　in　the　〃Broadway　Journal〃　for　September；　1845。　The
earliest　version　of　these　lines　appeared　in　the　〃Southern　Literary
Messenger〃　for　September；　1835；　as　〃Lines　written　in　an　Album；〃　and　was
addressed　to　Eliza　White；　the　proprietor's　daughter。　Slightly　revised；　the
poem　reappeared　in　Burton's　〃Gentleman's　Magazine〃　for　August；　1839；　as
〃To。〃

12。　Although　〃Eldorado〃　was　published　during　Poe's　lifetime；　in　1849；　in
the　〃Flag　of　our　Union；〃　it　does　not　appear　to　have　ever　received　the
author's　finishing　touches。



End　of　Poems　of　Later　Life

POEMS　OF　MANHOOD

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　LENORE

AH　broken　is　the　golden　bowl！　the　spirit　flown　forever！
Let　the　bell　toll！　…　a　saintly　soul　floats　on　the　Stygian　river；
And；　Guy　De　Vere；　hast　_thou_　no　tear？　…　weep　now　or　never　more！
See！　on　yon　drear　and　rigid　bier　low　lies　thy　love；　Lenore！
Come！　let　the　burial　rite　be　read　…　the　funeral　song　be　sung！　…
An　anthem　for　the　queenliest　dead　that　ever　died　so　young　…
A　dirge　for　her　the　doubly　dead　in　that　she　died　so　young。

〃Wretches！　ye　loved　her　for　her　wealth　and　hated　her　for　her　pride；
〃And　when　she　fell　in　feeble　health；　ye　blessed　her　…　that　she　died！
〃How　shall　the　ritual；　then；　be　read？　…　the　requiem　how　be　sung
〃By　you　…　by　yours；　the　ev