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hesiod, the homeric hymns, and homerica-第65部分

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 Troy with help of Diomedes。  Then after putting their best men in the wooden horse and burning their huts; the main body of the Hellenes sail to Tenedos。  The Trojans; supposing their troubles over; destroy a part of their city wall and take the wooden horse into their city and feast as though they had conquered the Hellenes。


Fragment #2  Pseudo…Herodotus; Life of Homer: ‘I sing of Ilium and Dardania; the land of fine horses; wherein the Danai; followers of Ares; suffered many things。'


Fragment #3  Scholiast on Aristophanes; Knights 1056 and Aristophanes ib: The story runs as follows: Aias and Odysseus were quarrelling as to their achievements; says the poet of the 〃Little Iliad〃; and Nestor advised the Hellenes to send some of their number to go to the foot of the walls and overhear what was said about the valour of the heroes named above。  The eavesdroppers heard certain girls disputing; one of them saying that Aias was by far a better man than Odysseus and continuing as follows:

‘For Aias took up and carried out of the strife the hero; Peleus' son: this great Odysseus cared not to do。'

To this another replied by Athena's contrivance:

‘Why; what is this you say?  A thing against reason and untrue!  Even a woman could carry a load once a man had put it on her shoulder; but she could not fight。  For she would fail with fear if she should fight。'


Fragment #4  Eustathius; 285。 34: The writer of the 〃Little Iliad〃 says that Aias was not buried in the usual way (1); but was simply buried in a coffin; because of the king's anger。


Fragment #5  Eustathius on Homer; Il。 326: The author of the 〃Little Iliad〃 says that Achilles after putting out to sea from the country of Telephus came to land there: ‘The storm carried Achilles the son of Peleus to Scyros; and he came into an uneasy harbour there in that same night。'


Fragment #6  Scholiast on Pindar; Nem。 vi。 85: ‘About the spear…shaft was a hoop of flashing gold; and a point was fitted to it at either end。'


Fragment #7  Scholiast on Euripides Troades; 822: ‘。。。the vine which the son of Cronos gave him as a recompense for his son。  It bloomed richly with soft leaves of gold and grape clusters; Hephaestus wrought it and gave it to his father Zeus: and he bestowed it on Laomedon as a price for Ganymedes。'


Fragment #8  Pausanias; iii。 26。 9: The writer of the epic 〃Little Iliad〃 says that Machaon was killed by Eurypylus; the son of Telephus。


Fragment #9  Homer; Odyssey iv。 247 and Scholiast: ‘He disguised himself; and made himself like another person; a beggar; the like of whom was not by the ships of the Achaeans。'

The Cyclic poet uses ‘beggar' as a substantive; and so means to say that when Odysseus had changed his clothes and put on rags; there was no one so good for nothing at the ships as Odysseus。


Fragment #10  (2) Plutarch; Moralia; p。 153 F: And Homer put forward the following verses as Lesches gives them: ‘Muse; tell me of those things which neither happened before nor shall be hereafter。'

And Hesiod answered:

‘But when horses with rattling hoofs wreck chariots; striving for victory about the tomb of Zeus。'

And it is said that; because this reply was specially admired; Hesiod won the tripod (at the funeral games of Amphidamas)。


Fragment #11  Scholiast on Lycophr。; 344: Sinon; as it had been arranged with him; secretly showed a signal…light to the Hellenes。  Thus Lesches writes:  ‘It was midnight; and the clear moon was rising。'


Fragment #12  Pausanias; x。 25。 5: Meges is represented (3) wounded in the arm just as Lescheos the son of Aeschylinus of Pyrrha describes in his 〃Sack of Ilium〃 where it is said that he was wounded in the battle which the Trojans fought in the night by Admetus; son of Augeias。  Lycomedes too is in the picture with a wound in the wrist; and Lescheos says he was so wounded by Agenor。。。

Pausanias; x。 26。 4: Lescheos also mentions Astynous; and here he is; fallen on one knee; while Neoptolemus strikes him with his sword。。。

Pausanias; x。 26。 8: The same writer says that Helicaon was wounded in the night… battle; but was recognised by Odysseus and by him conducted alive out of the fight。。。

Pausanias; x。 27。 1: Of them (4); Lescheos says that Eion was killed by Neoptolemus; and Admetus by Philoctetes。。。  He also says that Priam was not killed at the heart of Zeus Herceius; but was dragged away from the altar and destroyed off hand by Neoptolemus at the doors of the house。。。  Lescheos says that Axion was the son of Priam and was slain by Eurypylus; the son of Euaemon。  Agenor  according to the same poet  was butchered by Neoptolemus。


Fragment #13  Aristophanes; Lysistrata 155 and Scholiast: ‘Menelaus at least; when he caught a glimpse somehow of the breasts of Helen unclad; cast away his sword; methinks。'  Lesches the Pyrrhaean also has the same account in his 〃Little Iliad〃。

Pausanias; x。 25。 8: Concerning Aethra Lesches relates that when Ilium was taken she stole out of the city and came to the Hellenic camp; where she was recognised by the sons of Theseus; and that Demophon asked her of Agamemnon。  Agamemnon wished to grant him this favour; but he would not do so until Helen consented。  And when he sent a herald; Helen granted his request。


Fragment #14  Scholiast on Lycophr。 Alex。; 1268: ‘Then the bright son of bold Achilles led the wife of Hector to the hollow ships; but her son he snatched from the bosom of his rich…haired nurse and seized him by the foot and cast him from a tower。  So when he had fallen bloody death and hard fate seized on Astyanax。  And Neoptolemus chose out Andromache; Hector's well…girded wife; and the chiefs of all the Achaeans gave her to him to hold requiting him with a welcome prize。  And he put Aeneas (5); the famous son of horse…taming Anchises; on board his sea… faring ships; a prize surpassing those of all the Danaans。'


ENDNOTES:

(1)  sc。 after cremation。 (2)  This fragment comes from a version of the 〃Contest of Homer      and Hesiod〃 widely different from that now extant。  The      words ‘as Lesches gives them (says)' seem to indicate that      the verse and a half assigned to Homer came from the 〃Little      Iliad〃。  It is possible they may have introduced some      unusually striking incident; such as the actual Fall of      Troy。 (3)  i。e。 in the paintings by Polygnotus at Delphi。 (4)  i。e。 the dead bodies in the picture。 (5)  According to this version Aeneas was taken to Pharsalia。       Better known are the Homeric account (according to which      Aeneas founded a new dynasty at Troy); and the legends which      make him seek a new home in Italy。



THE SACK OF ILIUM (fragments)

Fragment #1  Proclus; Chrestomathia; ii: Next come two books of the 〃Sack of Ilium〃; by Arctinus of Miletus with the following contents。  The Trojans were suspicious of the wooden horse and standing round it debated what they ought to do。  Some thought they ought to hurl it down from the rocks; others to burn it up; while others said they ought to dedicate it to Athena。  At last this third opinion prevailed。  Then they turned to mirth and feasting believing the war was at an end。  But at this very time two serpents appeared and destroyed Lao
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