嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
訊伽慕垂 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及47何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



that    a  boy's   time    is  more    usefully    spent�察  �and    his    intellect    more 

methodically trained�察�by getting up Ovid's Fasti              with an ulterior hope of 

being   able   to   write   a   few   Latin   verses�察 �than   in   getting   up   Professor 

Rolleston's     ;Forms     of   Animal    Life�察─  �or    any    other   of  the   excellent 

Scientific   Manuals   for   beginners�察  �which       are   now�察  �as   I   said�察  �happily   so 

numerous。 

     May   that    day   soon   come�察  �and    an   old  dream   of   mine�察   �and   of  my 

scientific friends�察�be fulfilled at last。 

     And     so  I  end   this  little  book�察  �hoping�察   �even   praying�察   �that  it  may 

encourage a few more labourers to go forth into a vineyard�察�which                    those 

who have toiled in it know to be full of ever´fresh health�察                 �and wonder 

and simple joy�察 �and the presence and the glory of   Him                 whose name   is 

LOVE。 



     APPENDIX。 



     PLATE I。 



     ZOOPHYTA。           POLYZOA。 

     THE   forms   of   animal   life   which   are   now   united   in   an   independent 

class�察   �under     the   name     Polyzoa�察    �so   nearly    resemble      the   Hydroid 

Zoophytes   in   general   form   and   appearance   that   a   casual   observer   may 

suppose them to be nearly identical。            In all but the more recent          works�察�

they   are   treated   as   distinct   indeed�察  �but   still   included under   the   general 

term     ;ZOOPHYTES。;            The     animals     of  both    groups     are    minute�察�

polypiform creatures�察�mostly living in transparent cells�察               �springing from 

the sides of a stem which unites a number of              individuals in one common 

life�察�and grows in a shrub´like form upon             any submarine body�察�such as a 

shell�察   �a  rock�察  �a  weed�察   �or   even    another     polypidom       to  which    it  is 

parasitically attached。       Each     polype�察�in both classes�察�protrudes from and 

retreats   within   its   cell   by   an   independent   action�察  �and   when   protruded 

puts   forth   a  circle   of   tentacles   whose   motion   round   the   mouth   is   the 

means   of     securing   nourishment。        There   are�察  �however�察  �peculiarities   in 

the     structure     of   the   Polyzoa     which    seem     to  remove      them    from 



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Zoophytology to a place in the system of nature more nearly                    connected 

with Molluscan   types。        Some   of   them  come so   near to the        compound 

ascidians that they have been termed�察�as an order�察             �Zoophyta ascidioida。; 

     The simplest form of polype is that of a fleshy bag open at one                  end�察�

surmounted by a circle of contractile threads or fingers               called tentacles。 

The plate shows�察�on a very minute scale�察�at              figs。 1�察�3�察�and 6�察�several of 

these    little  polypiform     bodies    protruding     from    their  cells。   But    the 

Hydra or Fresh´water Polype            has no cell�察�and is quite unconnected with 

any   root   thread�察  �or   with  other   individuals   of   the   same   species。    It   is 

perfectly   free�察  �and   so   simple   in   its   structure�察  �that   when   the   sac   which 

forms     its  body    is  turned    inside   out  it  will  continue    to  perform    the 

functions     of    life   as  before。     The    greater    part�察 �however�察    �of   these 

Hydraform         Polypes�察     �although     equally    simple     as   individuals�察   �are 

connected      in  a   compound        life  by  means     of  their  variously    formed 

POLYPIDOM�察�as the            branched system of cells is termed。           The Hydroid 

Zoophytes are       represented in the first plate by the following examples。 

       HYDROIDA。 

       SERTULARIA ROSEA。               PL。 I。 FIG。 6。 

     A species which has the cells in pairs on opposite sides of the               central 

tube�察�with the openings turned outwards。             In the more      enlarged figure is 

seen   a   septum  across   the   inner   part   of   each   cell which   forms   the   base 

upon which the polype rests。           Fig。 6 B     indicates the natural size of the 

piece of branch represented�察�but           it must be remembered that this is only 

a small portion of the       bushy shrub。 

       CAMPANULARIA SYRINGA。                    PL。 I。 FIG。 8。 

       This    Zoophyte      twines     itself  parasitically    upon     a   species    of 

Sertularia。     The cells in this species are thrown out at irregular            intervals 

upon     flexible   stems   which    are   wrinkled    in  rings。    They     consist    of 

lengthened�察�cylindrical�察�transparent vases。 

       CAMPANULARIA VOLUBILIS。                    PL。 I。 FIG。 9。 

       A still more beautiful species�察�with lengthened foot´stalks ringed                at 

each end。      The polype is remarkable for the protrusion and                contractile 

power of its lips。     It has about twenty knobbed           tentacula。 

       POLYZOA。 



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       Among   Polyzoa   the   animal's   body   is   coated   with   a   membraneous 

covering�察     �like   that   of   the   Tunicated      Mollusca�察     �but   which     is   a 

continuation of the edge of the cell�察�which doubles back upon the                    body 

in such a manner that when the animal protrudes from its cell                   it pushes 

out the flexible membrane just as one would turn inside                out the finger of 

a   glove。   This   oneness of   cell   and   polype   is  a  distinctive   character  of 

the   group。    Another      is  the  higher   organization      of  the  internal   parts。 

The mouth�察�surrounded by           tentacles�察�leads by gullet and gizzard through 

a   channel   into   a  digesting   stomach�察  �from   which   the   rejectable   matter 

passes upwards        through an intestinal canal till it is discharged near the 

mouth。       The     tentacles   also  differ  much     from   those   of  true  Polypes。 

Instead     of being fleshy and contractile�察�they are rather stiff�察�resembling 

spun glass�察�set on the sides with vibrating cilia�察�which by their              motion up 

one side and down the other of each tentacle�察�produce a                   current which 

impels     their  living   food   into  the   mouth。     When     these    tentacles    are 

withdrawn�察     �they   are   gathered    up   in  a  bundle�察   �like  the   stays    of  an 

umbrella。      Our Plate I。 contains the following examples             of Polyzoa。 

       VALKERIA CUSCUTA。 PL。 I。 FIG。 3。 

       From a
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