嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
訊伽慕垂 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

the soul of the far east(垓叫議痩至)-及18何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



idea   a   shade   more   politely   than   its   predecessor�察  �only   the   very   lowest 

meaning   anything   so   plebeian   as   simply   ;to   give。;   Sets   of   laudatory   or 

depreciatory adjectives are employed in the same way。                      Lastly�察�the word 

for ;is�察─�which strictly means ;exists�察─�expresses this existence under three 

different   forms��in   a   matter´of´fact�察  �a   flowing�察  �or   an   inflated   style�察  �the 

solid�察 �liquid�察 �and   gaseous states   of   conversation�察 �so   to   speak�察 �to suit   the 

person addressed。         But three forms being far too few for the needs of so 

elaborate      a  politeness�察    �these   are   supplemented        by   many     interpolated 

grades。 

     Terms of respect are applied not only to those mortals who are held in 

estimation   higher   than   their   fellows�察  �but   to   all   men   indiscriminately   as 

well。     The grammatical attitude of the individual toward the speaker is of 

as much importance as his social standing�察�I being beneath contempt�察�and 

you above criticism。 

     Honorifics are used not only on all possible occasions for courtesy�察�but 

at times�察�it would seem�察�upon impossible ones�察�for in some instances the 



                                                 43 


´ Page 44´

                                    The Soul of the Far East 



most   subtle   diagnosis   fails   to   reveal   in   them   a   relevancy   to   anybody。 

That the commonest objects should bear titles because of their connection 

with   some   particular   person   is   comprehensible�察  �but   what   excuse   can   be 

made for a phrase like the following�察 �It respectfully does that the august 

seat    exists�察─  �all  of  which     simply    means     ;is�察─ �and   may     be  applied    to 

anything�察�being the common wordin Japanese it is all one word nowfor 

that    apparently     simple    idea。   It   would     seem    a  sad   waste    of  valuable 

material。      The   real   reason   why   so   much   distinguished   consideration   is 

shown the article in question lies in the fact that it is treated as existing 

with reference to the person addressed�察�and therefore becomes ipso facto 

august。 

     Here is   a still subtler   example。        You are�察  �we   will   suppose�察  �at   a   tea´ 

house�察    �and    you    wish    for   sugar。    The     following     almost     stereotyped 

conversation   is   pretty   sure   to   take   place。    I   translate   it   literally�察  �simply 

prefacing that every tea´house girl�察�usually in the first blush of youth�察�is 

generically   addressed        as  ;elder    sister�察─ �another    honorific�察    �at  least  so 

considered in Japan。 

       You clap your hands。          ��Enter tea´house maiden。�� 

       You。    Hai�察�elder sister�察�augustly exists there sugar�拭�

       The T。 H。 M。       The honorable sugar�察�augustly is it�拭�

       You。    So�察�augustly。 

       The   T。   H。   M。   He   ��indescribable   expression   of   assent��。       ��Exit   tea´ 

house maiden to fetch the sugar。�� 

     Now�察�the ;augustlies; go almost without saying�察�but why is the sugar 

honorable�拭      �Simply because it is eventually going to be offered to   you。 

But she would have spoken of it by precisely the same respectful title�察�if 

she had been obliged to inform you that there was none�察�in which case it 

never could have become yours。                Such is politeness。         We   may note�察�in 

passing�察�that   all   her remarks   and   all   yours�察�barring   your   initial question�察�

meant absolutely nothing。 She understood you perfectly from the first�察�and 

you   knew   she   did�察  �but   then�察  �if   all   of   us   were   to   say   only   what   were 

necessary�察�the delightful art of conversation would soon be nothing but a 

science。 

     The average Far Oriental�察�indeed�察�talks as much to no purpose as his 



                                                 44 


´ Page 45´

                                     The Soul of the Far East 



Western      cousin�察    �only   in  his   chit´chat    politeness     replaces    personalities。 

With   him�察  �self   is   suppressed�察  �and   an   ever´present   regard   for   others   is 

substituted in its stead。 

     A lack of personality is�察�as we have seen�察�the occasion of this courtesy�察�

it is also its cause。 

     That     politeness      should     be    one    of   the   most     marked      results    of 

impersonality may appear surprising�察�yet a slight examination will show it 

to be a fact。      Looked at a posteriori�察�we find that where the one trait exists 

the   other   is   most   developed�察  �while   an   absence   of   the   second   seems   to 

prevent   the   full   growth   of   the   first。   This   is   true   both   in   general   and   in 

detail。     Courtesy       increases�察    �as   we   travel    eastward      round    the   world�察�

coincidently with a decrease in the sense of self。                  Asia is more courteous 

than     Europe�察    �Europe      than   America。      Particular     races    show     the   same 

concomitance   of   characteristics。   France�察  �the   most   impersonal   nation   of 

Europe�察�is at the same time the most polite。 

     Considered a priori�察�the connection between the two is not far to seek。 

Impersonality�察�by lessening the interest in one's self�察�induces one to take an 

interest in others。        Introspection tends to make of man a solitary animal�察�

the absence of it a social one。 The more impersonal the people�察�the more 

will   the   community   supplant   the   individual            in  the   popular    estimation。 

The type becomes the interesting thing to man�察�as it always is to nature。 

Then�察 �as   the   social   desires   develop�察  �politeness�察  �being   the   means   to   their 

enjoyment�察�develops also。 

     A  second   omission   in   Japanese   etymology   is   that   of   gender。             That 

words   should   be   credited   with   sex   is   a   verbal   anthropomorphism   that 

would   seem  to   a   Japanese   exquisitely   grotesque�察  �if   so   be   that   it   did   not 

strike   him   as   actually   immodest。        For   the   absence   of   gender   is   simply 

symptomatic of a much more vital failing�察�a disregard of sex。 Originally�察�

as their language bears witness�察�the Japanese showed a childish reluctance 

to    recognizing      sex    at  all。   Usually      a   single    sexless    term    was    held 

sufficient   for   a   given   species�察  �and   did   duty   collectively   for   both   sexes。 

Only   where   a   consideration   of   sex   thrust   itself   upon   them�察  �beyond   the 

possibility     of   evasion�察    �did   they   employ      for  the   male    and    the   female 

distinctive expressions。           The  more intimate   the relation of the object to 



                                                   45 


´ Page 46´

                                     The Soul of the Far East 


卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��3�� 家��3��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��