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訊伽慕垂 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

the soul of the far east(垓叫議痩至)-及8何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



the   social   system。     In   our   own   eyes   we   are   the   star   about   which�察  �as   in 

Joseph's dream�察�our relatives revolve and upon which they help to shed an 

added      lustre。  Our    Ptolemaic      theory    of  society    is  necessitated      by   our 

tenacity to the personal standpoint。            This fixed idea of ours causes all else 

seemingly to rotate about it。           Such an egoistic conception is quite foreign 

to   our   longitudinal   antipodes。       However   much   appearances   may   agree�察�

the fundamental principles upon which family consideration is based are 

widely      different    in  the   two    hemispheres。       For     the   far´eastern    social 

universe turns on a patricentric pivot。 

     Upon   the   conception   of   the   family   as   the   social   and   political   unit 

depends   the   whole   constitution   of   China。          The   same   theory   somewhat 

modified constitutes the life´principle of Korea�察�of Japan�察�and of their less 

advanced cousins who fill the vast centre of the Asiatic continent。                       From 

the emperor on his throne to the common coolie in his hovel it is the idea 

of kinship that knits the entire body politic together。                 The Empire is one 

great family�察�the family is a little empire。 

     The   one   developed   out   of   the   other。      The   patriarchal   is�察  �as   is   well 

known�察�probably the oldest political system in the world。 All nations may 

be said to have experienced such a paternal government�察�but most nations 

outgrew it。 



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     Now the interesting fact about the yellow branch of the human race is�察�

not that they had so juvenile a constitution�察�but that they have it�察�that it has 

persisted     practically     unchanged      from    prehistoric     ages。    It   is  certainly 

surprising      in   this   kaleidoscopic       world     whose      pattern    is   constantly 

changing as time merges one combination of its elements into another�察�that 

on   the   other   side   of   the   globe   this   set   should   have   remained   the   same。 

Yet   in   spite   of   the   lapse   of   years�察  �in   spite   of   the   altered   conditions   of 

existence�察�in spite of an immense advance in civilization�察�such a primitive 

state of society has continued there to the present day�察�in all its essentials 

what it was when as nomads the race forefathers wandered peacefully or 

otherwise over the plains of Central Asia。                 The principle helped them to 

expand�察      �it  has   simply     cramped      them     ever    since。     For�察   �instead    of 

dissolving like other antiquated views�察�it has become�察�what it was bound to 

become   if   it   continued   to   last�察  �crystallized   into   an   institution。      It   had 

practically reached this condition when it received a theoretical�察�not to say 

a theological recognition which gave it mundane immortality。                         A couple 

of   millenniums   ago   Confucius   consecrated   filial   duty   by   making   it   the 

basis   of   the   Chinese   moral   code。      His   hand   was   the   finishing   touch   of 

fossilification。 For since the sage set his seal upon the system no one has 

so   much   as   dreamt   of   changing   it。       The   idea   of   confuting   Confucius 

would be an act of impiety such as no Chinaman could possibly commit。 

Not that the inadmissibility of argument is due really to the authority of 

the  philosopher�察  �but   that   it   lies   ingrained   in   the   character  of   the   people。 

Indeed the genius of the one may be said to have consisted in divining the 

genius of the other。         Confucius formulated the prevailing practice�察�and in 

so doing helped to make it perpetual。               He gave expression to the national 

feeling�察�and like expressions�察�generally his�察�served to stamp the idea all the 

more indelibly upon the national consciousness。 

     In   this   manner  the   family  from   a  natural   relation   grew   into   a  highly 

unnatural   social   anachronism。           The   loose   ties   of   a   roving   life   became 

fetters of a fixed conventionality。            Bonds originally of mutual advantage 

hardened into restrictions by which the young were hopelessly tethered to 

the old。     Midway in its course the race undertook to turn round and face 

backwards�察  �as   it   journeyed   on。   Its   subsequent   advance   could   be   nothing 



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                                    The Soul of the Far East 



but slow。 

     The   head   of   a   family   is   so   now   in   something   of   a   corporeal   sense。 

From him emanate all its actions�察�to him are responsible all its parts。 Any 

other member of it is as incapable of individual expression as is the hand�察�

or   the   foot�察  �or   the   eye   of   man。 Indeed�察  �Confucian   doctors   of   divinity 

might   appropriately   administer   psychically   to   the   egoistic   the   rebuke   of 

the Western physician to the too self´analytic youth who�察�finding that�察�after 

eating�察  �his   digestion   failed   to   give   him   what   he   considered   its   proper 

sensations�察  �had   come   to   consult   the   doctor   as   to   how   it   ought   to   feel。 

;Feel� �young man�察─�he was answered�察 �you ought not to be aware that you 

have   a   digestion。;   So   with   them�察  �a   normally   constituted   son   knows   not 

what   it   is   to   possess   a   spontaneity   of   his   own。 Indeed�察  �this   very   word 

;own�察─�which so long ago in our own tongue took to itself the symbol of 

possession�察  �well   exemplifies   his   dependent   state。          China   furnishes   the 

most conspicuous instance of the want of individual rights。 A Chinese son 

cannot properly be said to own anything。                 The title to the land he tills is 

vested absolutely in the family�察�of which he is an undivided thirtieth�察 �or 

what´not。      Even the administration of the property is not his�察�but resides 

in    the   family�察   �represented      by   its  head。      The     outward     symbols      of 

ownership testify to the fact。 The bourns that mark the boundaries of the 

fields bear the names of families�察�not of individuals。                The family�察�as such�察�

is the proprietor�察�and its lands are cultivated and enjoyed in common by all 

the constituents of the clan。           In the tenure of its real estate�察�the Chinese 

family much resembles the Russian Mir。                  But so far as his personal state 

is concerned�察�the Chinese son outslaves the Slav。                   For he lives at home�察�

under the immediate control of the paternal willin the most complete of 

serfdoms�察�a filial one。 Even existence becomes a communal affair。                        F
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��3�� 家��3��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��