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the essays of montaigne, v15-第20部分

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are adulterate and strange。  Philosophy says that the appetites of the
body ought not to be augmented by the mind; and ingeniously warns us not
to stir up hunger by saturity; not to stuff; instead of merely filling;
the belly; to avoid all enjoyments that may bring us to want; and all
meats and drinks that bring thirst and hunger: as; in the service of
love; she prescribes us to take such an object as may simply satisfy the
body's need; and does not stir the soul; which ought only barely to
follow and assist the body; without mixing in the affair。  But have I not
reason to hold that these precepts; which; indeed; in my opinion; are
somewhat over strict; only concern a body in its best plight; and that in
a body broken with age; as in a weak stomach; 'tis excusable to warm and
support it by art; and by the mediation of the fancy to restore the
appetite and cheerfulness it has lost of itself。

May we not say that there is nothing in us; during this earthly prison;
that is purely either corporeal or spiritual; and that we injuriously
break up a man alive; and that it seems but reasonable that we should
carry ourselves as favourably; at least; towards the use of pleasure as
we do towards that of pain!  Pain was (for example) vehement even to
perfection in the souls of the saints by penitence: the body had there
naturally a sham by the right of union; and yet might have but little
part in the cause; and yet are they not contented that it should barely
follow and assist the afflicted soul: they have afflicted itself with
grievous and special torments; to the end that by emulation of one
another the soul and body might plunge man into misery by so much more
salutiferous as it is more severe。  In like manner; is it not injustice;
in bodily pleasures; to subdue and keep under the soul; and say that it
must therein be dragged along as to some enforced and servile obligation
and necessity?  'Tis rather her part to hatch and cherish them; there to
present herself; and to invite them; the authority of ruling belonging to
her; as it is also her part; in my opinion; in pleasures that are proper
to her; to inspire and infuse into the body all the sentiment it is
capable of; and to study how to make them sweet and useful to it。  For it
is good reason; as they say; that the body should not pursue its
appetites to the prejudice of the mind; but why is it not also the reason
that the mind should not pursue hers to the prejudice of the body?

I have no other passion to keep me in breath。  What avarice; ambition;
quarrels; lawsuits do for others who; like me; have no particular
vocation; love would much more commodiously do; it would restore to me
vigilance; sobriety; grace; and the care of my person; it would reassure
my countenance; so that the grimaces of old age; those deformed and
dismal looks; might not come to disgrace it; would again put me upon
sound and wise studies; by which I might render myself more loved and
esteemed; clearing my mind of the despair of itself and of its use; and
redintegrating it to itself; would divert me from a thousand troublesome
thoughts; a thousand melancholic humours that idleness and the ill
posture of our health loads us withal at such an age; would warm again;
in dreams at least; the blood that nature is abandoning; would hold up
the chin; and a little stretch out the nerves; the vigour and gaiety of
life of that poor man who is going full drive towards his ruin。  But I
very well understand that it is a commodity hard to recover: by weakness
and long experience our taste is become more delicate and nice; we ask
most when we bring least; and are harder to choose when we least deserve
to be accepted: and knowing ourselves for what we are; we are less
confident and more distrustful; nothing can assure us of being beloved;
considering our condition and theirs。  I am out of countenance to see
myself in company with those young wanton creatures:

              〃Cujus in indomito constantior inguine nervus;
               Quam nova collibus arbor inhaeret。〃

     '〃In whose unbridled reins the vigour is more inherent than in the
     young tree on the hills。〃Horace; Epod。; xii。 19。'

To what end should we go insinuate our misery amid their gay and
sprightly humour?

                   〃Possint ut juvenes visere fervidi。
                    Multo non sine risu;
                    Dilapsam in cineres facem。〃

     '〃As the fervid youths may behold; not without laughter; a burning
     torch worn to ashes。〃Horace; Od。; iv。  13; 21。'

They have strength and reason on their side; let us give way; we have
nothing to do there: and these blossoms of springing beauty suffer not
themselves to be handled by such benumbed hands nor dealt with by mere
material means; for; as the old philosopher answered one who jeered him
because he could not gain the favour of a young girl he made love to:
〃Friend; the hook will not stick in such soft cheese。〃  It is a commerce
that requires relation and correspondence: the other pleasures we receive
may be acknowledged by recompenses of another nature; but this is not to
be paid but with the same kind of coin。  In earnest; in this sport; the
pleasure I give more tickles my imagination than that they give me; now;
he has nothing of generosity in him who can receive pleasure where he
confers noneit must needs be a mean soul that will owe all; and can be
content to maintain relations with persons to whom he is a continual
charge; there is no beauty; grace; nor privacy so exquisite that a
gentleman ought to desire at this rate。  If they can only be kind to us
out of pity; I had much rather die than live upon charity。  I would have
right to ask; in the style wherein I heard them beg in Italy: 〃Fate ben
per voi;〃'〃Do good for yourself。〃' or after the manner that Cyrus
exhorted his soldiers; 〃Who loves himself let him follow me。〃〃Consort
yourself;〃 some one will say to me; 〃with women of your own condition;
whom like fortune will render more easy to your desire。〃  O ridiculous
and insipid composition!

                                   〃Nolo
                    Barbam vellere mortuo leoni。〃

          '〃I would not pluck the beard from a dead lion。〃Martial'

Xenophon lays it for an objection and an accusation against Menon; that
he never made love to any but old women。  For my part; I take more
pleasure in but seeing the just and sweet mixture of two young beauties;
or only in meditating on it in my fancy; than myself in acting second in
a pitiful and imperfect conjunction;

     'Which Cotton renders; 〃Than to be myself an actor in the second
     with a deformed creature。〃'

I leave that fantastic appetite to the Emperor Galba; who was only for
old curried flesh: and to this poor wretch:

              〃O ego Di faciant talem to cernere possim;
               Caraque mutatis oscula ferre comis;
               Amplectique meis corpus non pingue lacertis!〃

     'Ovid; who (Ex。  Ponto; i。 4; 49) writes to his wife; 〃O would the
     gods arrange that such I might see thee; and bring dear kisses to
     thy changed locks; and embrace thy withered body with my arms〃'

Amongst chief 
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